An image processing method for a transparent display screen, an image processing device and a display panel are provided. The image processing method comprising: collecting colors of image content displayed on the transparent display screen and colors of background transmitted through the transparent display screen; determining whether the collected colors of the background and the collected colors of the content are similar colors; and modifying the colors of the background or the colors of the content, if the collected colors of the background and the colors of the content are similar colors.