A computer-implemented method, a computer program product, and a computer system for infrastructure resource provisioning using trace-based workload temporal analysis. An infrastructure provider receives, from an on-premises infrastructure, scheduler traces of the on-premises infrastructure, one or more scenarios, one or more goals, and one or more constraints of resource deployment on the on-premises infrastructure. The infrastructure provider performs trace-based workload temporal analysis, based on the scheduler traces, the one or more scenarios, the one or more goals, and the one or more constraints. The infrastructure provider generates one or more options of provisioning infrastructure resources, based on the trace-based workload temporal analysis. The infrastructure provider provisions the on-premises infrastructure with the infrastructure resources for running high performance computing (HPC) applications, based on a selection from the one or more options by an on-premises infrastructure administrator.