A thermoelectric conversion element including a thermoelectric conversion member formed of a skutterudite-type material containing an element L (indicating one or more elements selected from a group including In, Yb, Eu, Ce, La, Nd, Ga and Sr), an element M (indicating one or more elements selected from a group including Co, Rh, Ir, Fe, Ni, Pt, Pd, Ru and Os), and an element Pn (indicating one or more elements selected from a group including Sb, As, P, Te, Sn, Bi, Ge, Se and Si), an insulator covering the thermoelectric conversion member and a metal layer positioned between the thermoelectric conversion member and the insulator as well as containing the element L.