An aluminum foil annealing furnace includes multiple resistance heaters fixedly mounted over a furnace body. Each resistance heater is connected with a pipeline circulation system. The pipeline circulation system includes a circulating blower fixedly mounted over the furnace body, an air outlet pipeline communicated with a first air outlet of the corresponding resistance heater through an air outlet elbow, and an air return pipeline communicated with a fourth air inlet of the circulating blower through an air return elbow. A first air inlet of the corresponding resistance heater is communicated with a fourth air outlet of the circulating blower. The air outlet pipeline and the air return pipeline are evenly arranged in the furnace body. The air return elbow is provided with a sixth pipe for communicating with outside air. The sixth pipe is provided with a negative pressure relief valve for opening or closing the sixth pipe.