A vehicle lamp system based on a PBS (Polarization Beam Splitter) is provided, including a light source, the PBS, a collimating lens set, an imaging lens set, an LCOS (Liquid Crystal on Silicon) control chip and a light path control unit. The collimating lens set and the PBS are successively arranged along a light emission direction of the light source. The LCOS control chip is arranged at a light path of an S wave reflected by a contact surface of the PBS. The imaging lens set is arranged at an emergent light path of the S wave after being modulated by the LCOS control chip and transmitted through the contact surface of the PBS. The light path control unit is arranged at a light path of a P wave transmitted through the contact surface of the PBS. Through the light path control unit, utilization of a light energy is improved.