A system for generating a two-dimensional barcode picture with an animation effect may receive an animation effect definition and a target character set. The system may encode the target character set into a barcode sequence comprising a plurality of feature bits. The system may generate two-dimensional barcode image data comprising pixel values corresponding to the feature bits. The system may transmit a dynamic picture comprising a plurality of frames that represent an animation based on the animation effect definition. Each of the frames may include at least a portion of the two-dimensional barcode image data. The respective locations of the pixel values for the two-dimensional barcode image data within the frames may be different in each of the frames according to the animation effect definition.