Provided are a fluorescent member that has high thermal conductivity, can prevent an increase in temperature of a fluorescent layer, and can maintain their fluorescence performance even during irradiation with high-intensity source light, and a light-emitting device using the fluorescent member. A transmissive-type wavelength conversion member 100 converts light with a wavelength in a specific range to light with a different wavelength and allows light passing through the wavelength conversion member to be used as illuminating light. The wavelength conversion member 100 includes: a substrate 110 that is formed of an inorganic material and allows light to pass through; and a fluorescent material layer 120 disposed on the substrate 110. The fluorescent material layer 120 includes fluorescent material particles 122 that absorb light and emit converted light and a light-transmitting ceramic 121 that bonds the fluorescent material particles 122 together. The ratio of the thickness of the fluorescent material layer 120 to the average particle diameter of the fluorescent material particles 122 is less than 30.