A substance exchange device for intracorporal use includes a cavity for receiving blood having at least one blood inlet and at least one blood outlet, a substance exchange membrane adjoining the cavity, a supply duct for supplying an exchange fluid to the substance exchange membrane, a blood pump arranged within the cavity and a drive unit for the blood pump. The blood pump is configured to pump blood in a direction from a blood inlet to a blood outlet of the cavity. The drive unit includes a turbine, which is connected to the supply duct and may be driven by an exchange fluid supplied via the supply duct, where the turbine includes at least a rotor coupled to the blood pump and a stator (turbine nozzle) arranged upstream of the rotor.