A loading and unloading device of solid state disk test system is used for picking and placing solid state disks at a test position. The device includes a sorting and feeding device and a transfer device including a transfer mechanism and an insert and extract robot. A loading and unloading position is located at the side of the sorting and feeding device away from the transfer device. The sorting and feeding device transfers the solid state disk to be tested from the loading and unloading position to a side close to the transfer device, and transfers the tested solid state disk back. The transfer mechanism drives the insert and extract robot to move relative to the test position to insert the solid state disk to be tested into the test position, which pulls out the tested solid state disk to transfer to the transfer device.