A valve opening and closing timing control apparatus includes a driving-side rotation member, a driven-side rotation member, a phase adjustment mechanism configured as a differential type reduction gear mechanism where an inner gear rotates about a rotation axis while revolving around an eccentric axis which is disposed parallel to the rotation axis in a state where a drive shaft fitted in the inner gear is driven to rotate about the rotation axis, a biasing member provided at an outer periphery of the drive shaft and applying a biasing force to mesh an external teeth portion of the inner gear with an internal teeth portion of the ring gear, and a restriction portion provided at the drive shaft to restrict a displacement of the inner gear in a direction where the inner gear is separated from the ring gear against the biasing force of the biasing member.