An image forming apparatus includes a counter that counts number of sheets of paper on which printing is performed; a calculator that calculates a coverage rate of each sheet of the paper; a derivation part that derives a reference line to be a replacement indicator for a consumable part based on replacement history information including: number of printed sheets from start of using the consumable part provided in the image forming apparatus until replacement of the consumable part; and an average coverage rate obtained by averaging coverage rates on the sheets of the paper corresponding to the number of printed sheets, and a communicator that provides a notification of arrival of replacement timing of the consumable part based on the reference line.