A method for 2D feature tracking by cascaded machine learning and visual tracking comprises: applying a machine learning technique (MLT) that accepts as a first MLT input first and second 2D images, the MLT operating on the images to provide initial estimates of a start point for a feature in the first image and a displacement of the feature in the second image relative to the first image; applying a visual tracking technique (VT) that accepts as a first VT input the initial estimates of the start point and the displacement, and that accepts as a second VT input the two 2D images, processing the first and second inputs to provide refined estimates of the start point and the displacement; and displaying the refined estimates in an output image.