The rapid reaction of hydrofluoric acid with siliceous materials can make it difficult to increase the permeability of subterranean formations containing siliceous minerals. Methods for stimulating a subterranean formation can comprise: providing a latent hydrofluoric acid composition comprising a degradable matrix, and a hydrofluoric acid precursor dispersed in the degradable matrix; introducing a first treatment fluid containing the latent hydrofluoric acid composition in a non-dissolved form into a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation comprising a siliceous material; differentially depositing the latent hydrofluoric acid composition upon a portion of the siliceous material in one or more locations; degrading at least a portion of the degradable matrix, thereby exposing at least a portion of the hydrofluoric acid precursor; converting the exposed hydrofluoric acid precursor into hydrofluoric acid; and reacting the hydrofluoric acid with the siliceous material where the latent hydrofluoric acid composition was deposited.