A data reading method includes receiving, by a controller of a memory, a read operation request carrying a first address; performing, by the controller, N read operations on the first address, and obtaining N pieces of data read by the N read operations; and determining, by the controller, whether the N pieces of data are consistent. The method further includes sending, by the controller, response information used to respond to the read operation request if the controller determines that the N pieces of data are consistent, where the response information includes any one of the N pieces of data. The controller may perform T random read operations between any two consecutive read operations of the N read operations to avoid data leakage during reading. If the N pieces of data obtained by performing the N read operations are inconsistent, the memory may send abnormal alarm information to respond to the read operation request to avoid data tampering. An apparatus including a controller and different modules for performing the operations of the method are also disclosed.