Technologies for dynamic acceleration of general-purpose code include a computing device having a general-purpose processor core and one or more hardware accelerators. The computing device identifies an acceleration candidate in an application that is targeted to the processor core. The acceleration candidate may be a long-running computation of the application. The computing device translates the acceleration candidate into a translated executable targeted to the hardware accelerator. The computing device determines whether to offload execution of the acceleration candidate and, if so, executes the translated executable with the hardware accelerator. The computing device may translate the acceleration candidate into multiple translated executables, each targeted to a different hardware accelerator. The computing device may select among the translated executables in response to determining to offload execution. The hardware accelerators may include, for example, a processor graphics, an image signal processor, or a field-programmable gate array. Other embodiments are described and claimed.