Aspects of the present disclosure include a system comprising a machine-readable storage medium storing at least one program and computer-implemented methods for efficiently storing graph data. Consistent with some embodiments, the method includes using the graph data to construct a tree topology bitmap that represents a topology of a portion of the nodes in a tree data structure representing the graph data. The method further includes creating an archive bit array for the tree data structure that includes elements populated with a binary indicator of whether a corresponding leaf node includes a known entry. The method further includes creating a leaf values array comprising a known value for each leaf node in the tree data structure with a known entry. The method further includes storing, in a memory storage device, the tree topology, the archive bit array, and the leaf values array in association with an initial timestamp.