The present invention relates to a composition for suppressing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) comprising a Pistacia weinmannifolia extract, a fraction thereof, or a compound isolated therefrom and, more particularly, to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating COPD comprising a Pistacia weinmannifolia extract, a fraction thereof, or a compound isolated therefrom; a food composition for preventing or improving COPD, and the compound isolated therefrom. The composition comprising a Pistacia weinmannifolia extract, a fraction thereof, or a compound isolated therefrom, according to the present invention, is not toxic, suppresses the invasion of inflammatory cells into the bronchial tube of a COPD-induced animal model, and effectively suppresses the expression of CXCL-1, TNF-α, or MIP-2. In addition, due to the use of a safety-proven herbal drug as a raw material, the composition of the present invention can resolve various side-effects of existing therapeutic agents for COPD, chronic obstructive bronchitis, chronic bronchiolitis, emphysema, multiple sclerosis, and acute and chronic inflammation, and thus can be effectively used as a composition for preventing, treating and remedying COPD.