The porous hollow fiber membrane of the present invention contains a thermoplastic resin, and includes a surface having a surface porosity of 32 to 60% and a fine pore diameter of 300 nm or less, and has a compressive strength of 0.7 MPa or more. The porous hollow fiber membrane of the present invention may include at least two layers, and in this case, the surface of one layer has a thickness of backbone of 0.3 to 20 μm and a fine pore diameter of 0.3 to 10 μm, and the surface of the other layer has a surface porosity of 32 to 60% and a fine pore diameter of 0.05 to 0.3 μm.