Generating plasma by using dielectric barrier discharge and introducing a dielectric barrier discharge electrode bar into a high-speed vibrating ball milling tank requires that, on one hand, a solid insulation medium on the outer layer of the electrode bar can simultaneously bear high-voltage discharge and mechanical shock failure of the grinding ball, and on the other hand, the high-speed vibrating ball milling device can uniformly process the powder. The discharge space pressure is set to a non-thermal equilibrium discharge state with a pressure of about 102 to 106 Pa, discharge plasmas are introduced to input another kind of effective energy to the processed powder, so as to accelerate refinement of the powder to be processed and promote the alloying process and improve the processing efficiency and the effect of the ball mill.