A processor of an aspect includes a register to store a condition code bit, and a decode unit to decode a bit check instruction. The bit check instruction is to indicate a first source operand that is to include a first bit, and is to indicate a check bit value for the first bit. The processor also includes an execution unit coupled with the decode unit. The execution unit, in response to the bit check instruction, is to compare the first bit with the check bit value, and update a condition code bit to indicate whether the first bit equals or does not equal the check bit value. Other processors, methods, systems, and instructions are disclosed.