An object is to easily and appropriately identify the orientation of imaging means at the time of image capturing. A control section of an imaging device or an image processing device acquires an image captured by an imaging section and performs image recognition processing of recognizing a photographic subject corresponding to a first orientation such as a horizontal imaging orientation or a vertical imaging orientation in the image so as to judge whether a predetermined photographic subject is present in the image. Then, based on the judgment result, the control section identifies whether the orientation of the imaging device or the imaging section at the time of image capturing is the first orientation or a second orientation.