Provided are a distance image acquisition apparatus capable of obtaining a wide-range and high-accuracy distance image, and an application thereof. The distance image acquisition apparatus includes a distance image generation unit (42) that generates a distance image including a plurality of distance values corresponding to a time of flight of light from an light emitting unit (12) to a light-receiving surface of an imaging unit (20) on the basis of an imaging result of the imaging unit (20); a storage unit (22) that stores correction information corresponding to a lens thickness difference between a plurality of main light beam paths from a lens (14) to the light-receiving surface of the imaging unit (20); and a correction unit (44) that corrects the distance values in the distance image on the basis of the correction information.