In an embodiment of the disclosure, there is provided a handheld vision tester for vision self-testing by a user. The handheld vision tester comprises a touchscreen display, a control, and an interface port. The touchscreen display is configured to present different shapes, either statically or dynamically, to the user for the vision self-testing. One of the different shapes may be a modulated version of another similar shape displayed at the same time and includes a modulated edge. The control is configured to allow a user to trigger operations of the tester and allow the user to select one of the different shapes. The handheld vision tester is configured to determine results of the vision self-testing from the user selections and store the results in the handheld vision tester. The interface port is configured to transmit the stored results to a healthcare provider who uses the results to enhance treatment routines.