A formation respiration effect simulation device having an outer cylinder in which an artificial formation is disposed, the artificial formation having an artificial borehole, with an outer portion of the artificial formation being wrapped by an air cushion and a lower annular space being formed between the air cushion and the outer cylinder. An inner cylinder is hermetically disposed above the artificial formation, an upper annular space being formed between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, with the upper annular space communicating with the lower annular space. A liquid injection pipe is pierced in the inner cylinder and extends into the artificial borehole. A monitoring mechanism having a liquid level monitor is included to monitor a liquid level height of a fluid medium in the lower annular space, and a pressure sensor is disposed at a lower end surface of the inner cylinder and located within the artificial borehole.