Autonomous vehicles and techniques that can be utilized to compress point cloud data and operate on compressed point cloud data are provided. An autonomous vehicle can include a data compression system can configure point cloud data according to a collection of three-dimensional (3D) tiles representative of the region. Each 3D tile can include a portion of the cloud point data, where each point vector in the portion of the cloud point data can be configured relative to a position vector of the 3D tile defined in a coordinate system of the collection of 3D tiles. The data compression system can utilize a fixed-point Q-format representation based on a defined number of bits to compress at least a portion of the point cloud data. The autonomous vehicle also can include a control system that can operate mathematically on compressed point cloud data, without reliance on prior decompression.