Disclosed are a human programmed cell death 1 receptor (hPD-1) antibody, a method of preparing the same, and use thereof. The preparation method comprises screening by using a natural antibody library screening platform to obtain a new human programmed cell death 1 receptor antibody. The antibody obtained by the screening step can specifically identify human PD-1 molecules and is used to inhibit mutual interactions between PD-1/PD-L1 and PD-1/PD-L2, thereby improving a level of an immune response.