The present invention relates to nonferrous metallurgy, in particular to the process equipment for electrolytic production of primary aluminum, namely to methods for lining cathode assemblies of reduction cells. The method for lining a cathode assembly of a reduction cell for production of aluminum comprises filling a cathode assembly shell with a thermal insulation layer, forming a fire-resistant layer followed by the compaction of layers, installing bottom and side blocks followed by sealing joints therebetween with a cold ramming paste. According to the first embodiment of the present invention, a resilient element made of a dense organic substance is placed between the thermal insulation layer and the fire-resistant layer. According to the second embodiment of the present invention, a flexible graphite foil is placed between the thermal insulation layer and the fire-resistant layer, and under the flexible graphite foil, a resilient element made of a dense organic substance is placed. The suggested variants of methods for lining a cathode assembly of a reduction cell for production of primary aluminum allow to reduce energy consumption for reduction cell operation by means of improved stability of thermal and physical properties in a base and to increase the service life of reduction cells.