A query of time series data stored in a database is received that specifies at least one value. The database includes (i) an index table specifying groups of segments of compressed time series data with corresponding ranges each having a lowest value and a highest value, and (ii) a segments table specifying individual segments of compressed time series data. Thereafter, using the index table, at least one group for which the specified at least one value falls within the corresponding range is identified. The segments table is then queried for the segments corresponding to the identified at least one group to generate a new segments table specifying at least one segment. Next, the at least one segment specified by the new segments table is decompressed. Data responsive to the query within the decompressed at least one segment is then identified using the specified at least one value.