A power conversion apparatus and a short circuit protection circuit and method of capacitor thereof are provided. A rectifier circuit rectifies an AC signal into a DC signal. An electrical energy storage circuit is coupled to the rectifier circuit, and the electrical energy storage circuit includes a plurality of capacitors connected in series. A detection circuit is coupled to the electrical energy storage circuit to detect cross voltages of the capacitors. A control circuit is coupled to the rectifier circuit and the detection circuit. When the cross voltage of any of the plurality of capacitors is greater than a preset voltage, the rectifier circuit is disabled by the control circuit.