Various aspects generally relate to identifying a vehicle based on a machine-readable optical marker. In some implementations, a server device may receive one or more images of an object and metadata related thereto. In some implementations, based upon the one or more images, an image processing engine may identify at least one non-visible spectrum marker on a surface of the object (e.g., a machine-readable optical marker that encodes information associated with the object). The server device may determine that the object depicted in the one or more images corresponds to a particular vehicle based on the information encoded by the machine-readable optical marker corresponding to an identifier associated with the particular vehicle. Accordingly, the server device may associate information identifying the particular vehicle with information identifying a location based on the metadata related to the one or more images to permit subsequent determination of the location of the particular vehicle.