An object of the present invention is to provide a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery that has a large charge/discharge capacity, has a small irreversible capacity, which is the difference between the doping capacity and the de-doping capacity, and is capable of effectively using an active material. The problem described above can be solved by a method for producing a carbonaceous material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery anode, the method including: (1) an alkali metal compound impregnating step of adding an elemental alkali metal or a compound containing an elemental alkali metal to a carbonaceous precursor to obtain an alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor; (2) a heat treatment step of: (a) obtaining a heat-treated product by performing main heat treatment on the alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor at 800° C. to 1500° C. in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere, or (b) obtaining a heat-treated product by performing pre-heat treatment on the alkali-impregnated carbonaceous precursor at a temperature of not lower than 400° C. and lower than 800° C. in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere and then performing main heat treatment at 800° C. to 1500° C. in a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere; and (3) coating the heat-treated product with pyrolytic carbon.