The present disclosure discloses a lead-supercritical carbon dioxide intermediate heat exchanger, including four modular printed circuit board heat exchangers (modular PCHEs), a cylinder, vertical partition boards, horizontal partition boards and heat exchange fluid channels. S-CO2 fluid flows upward along microchannels in PCHE cold side heat exchange plates after reaching the bottom of the cylinder along a square central down tube formed by the four PCHEs to absorb heat from hot side heat exchange plates. S-CO2 leaves the intermediate heat exchanger upward after being collected by a current collector at the other end of each PCHE. Liquid lead enters microchannels in the PCHE hot side heat exchange plates from a duct at the upper end of the cylinder to transfer heat to S-CO2 on the other side, and then flows out of the intermediate heat exchanger from a duct at the lower end of the cylinder to complete heat exchange.