A mouth-containing toothbrush includes a housing, a first tooth-brushing module assembly and a rotary drive assembly. The housing has a groove for containing teeth. The groove has a first inner groove face, a second inner groove face, and a bottom face connected between the first inner groove face and the second inner groove face. The first tooth-brushing component is used for cleaning surfaces of the teeth, and the first tooth-brushing component includes a brush body shaft and bristles arranged on an outer circumference of the brush body shaft. The brush body shaft is rotatably arranged between at least one of the first inner groove face and the second inner groove face and the teeth, and the brush body shaft extends along an extension direction of the groove. The rotary drive assembly is used to drive rotation of the brush body shaft.