Novel and useful quantum structures that provide various control functions. Particles are brought into close proximity to interact with one another and exchange information. After entanglement, the particles are moved away from each other but they still carry the information contained initially. Measurement and detection are performed on the particles from the entangled ensemble to determine whether the particle is present or not in a given qdot. A quantum interaction gate is a circuit or structure operating on a relatively small number of qubits. Quantum interaction gates implement several quantum functions including a controlled NOT gate, quantum annealing gate, controlled SWAP gate, a controlled Pauli rotation gate, and ancillary gate. These quantum interaction gates can have numerous shapes including double V shape, H shape, X shape, L shape, I shape, etc.