Disclosed are a barium titanate foam ceramic/thermosetting resin composite material and a preparation method therefor. An organic additive is used as an auxiliary; deionized water is used as a solvent; nanometer barium titanate is used as a ceramic raw material; and all of same are mixed and ground so as to form a slurry with a certain solid content. A pre-treated polymer sponge is impregnated into the slurry for slurry coating treatment, and then redundant slurry is removed and the polymer sponge is dried so as to obtain a barium titanate foam ceramic blank, and same is then sintered so as to obtain a barium titanate foam ceramic. A resin, being in a molten state and thermosettable, submerges the pores of the barium titanate foam ceramic, and a barium titanate foam ceramic/thermosetting resin composite material is obtained after a thermosetting treatment.