A rock damage mechanics test system for high temperature and high pressure deep earth environment includes an MTS triaxial test machine and a control system connected therewith. The MTS triaxial test machine is composed of a rigid frame, a high temperature and high pressure triaxial chamber, and a triaxial chamber base. The control system includes a workstation for data processing and a manual controller for controlling the workstation and a master controller. The system improves mounting and dismounting efficiency of an MTS triaxial force sensor, enhances reliability of lifting and solves the problem of aligning holes during the force sensor mounting process, thus improving the mounting efficiency.