Techniques for system self-assessment using a state identity vector are described. In one embodiment, a method includes obtaining a policy that includes a combination of a plurality of features and a set of desired values for the features. The method also includes comparing the policy to a device fingerprint for a network device and determining compliance with the policy based on the comparison between the device fingerprint and the combination of features. The device fingerprint comprises a multi-bit word having a plurality of positions, with each position representing a feature associated with the network device. Upon determining that the network device is not in compliance with one or more features included in the combination of features of the policy, the method includes implementing a responsive action by the network device according to a schema that defines instructions for each feature represented by the plurality of positions in the device fingerprint.