A decoding device and a decoding method for decoding a target information from a bitstream of video data are provided, wherein the bitstream comprises a prediction parameter encoded in the bitstream. The decoding device is configured to calculate a randomized host signal based on the prediction parameter and a pseudo-random signal, and to apply a check function to the randomized host signal and thereby obtain the target information. An encoding device and an encoding method, and computer-readable storage media for encoding and for decoding are also disclosed.