The invention provides cell potency assays for measuring, determining, identifying, confirming, or validating the therapeutic potential of a cell population. Cell potency assays may be performed with various types of cells, including stem or progenitor cells, such as, for example, hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells. Cell potency assays may also be performed on stem or progenitor cells that have been treated with one or more agents to enhance therapeutic potential. Hematopoietic cells having therapeutic potential are useful in downstream clinical applications for increasing engraftment, reconstitution, homing, and proliferation in vivo.