An object bearing a three-dimensional rotatably-readable encoding of data configured for optical rotational machine-reading, the object being a subject of the data, the encoding of data including a multiplicity of three-dimensional shapes formed on a label adhered to a surface of the object, the surface being arranged for rotation in a plane coinciding with the surface, the multiplicity of three-dimensional shapes being formed to reflect light impinging thereupon while the surface is rotated, characteristics of the reflected light representing data encoded within the multiplicity of three-dimensional shapes.