A three-tier cyclone dust bin filtration system and a vacuum cleaner comprising the system. The filtration system comprises a tier one filtration apparatus and a spiral tier two dust-air separation apparatus in communication with an air outlet of the tier one filtration apparatus and provided with two tiers of filtration structures, where the spiral tier two dust-air separation apparatus is detachably fixed onto the tier one filtration device. The vacuum cleaner comprises a floor brush, a push rod, a main machine, and the three-tier cyclone dust bin filtration system.