A combustion chamber comprises an upstream end wall structure and inner and outer annular wall structures. The upstream end wall structure comprises an upstream wall and a plurality of circumferentially arranged heat shields secured to the upstream wall. The upstream wall has a plurality of circumferentially spaced fuel injector apertures. Each heat shield has radially outer and radially inner ends and a fuel injector aperture aligned with a corresponding fuel injector aperture in the upstream wall. The radially outer and inner ends of each heat shield have outer and inner rails spacing the heat shield from the upstream wall. The radially outer and inner ends of each heat shield have first and second pluralities of circumferentially spaced apertures extending there-through and through the associated outer and inner rails to direct coolant over the surface of the outer and inner annular wall structures to form respective films of coolant.