The present invention discloses a composition of phillyrin and phillygeninin in the preparation of drugs for alleviating or/and treating viral diseases. Experiments prove that the composition of phillyrin and phillygeninin has significant treatment effects on viral influenza and pneumonia, as well as on respiratory syncytial viruses, enteroviruses, herpes zoster simplex viruses, Coxsackie viruses, and the like. This composition is characterized by quick action and less toxic and side effects, and thus is an antiviral drug and health product with safety, high efficiency, stability and simple preparation process, and is suitable for industrial production and easy to promote. The present invention provides a drug, health product and raw material for preventing and treating various viral diseases.