A stereo vision measuring system and measuring method are provided. The system includes a main control device and at least two cooperation devices; each of the cooperation devices is a movable device, and is provided with an image acquiring part; the cooperation device is configured to acquire a first image of a first scene and first image information of the first image and transmit them to the main control device in a calibrating phase, and the cooperation device is further configured to acquire a second image of a second scene and second image information of the second image, and transmit the second image information to the main control device in a measuring phase; the main control device is configured to acquire parameter information of the image acquiring parts in the calibrating phase; the main control device is further configured to obtain three-dimensional reconstruction information of the second scene.