A communication management system manages the exchange of messages between devices using different communication networks and/or protocols. A sender device may transmit a message (e.g., a short message service “SMS” message) to a destination associated with a traditional “landline” phone number. The message may be delivered over a traditional landline phone network. The communication management system can receive the message via the phone network, process the message, and provide the message to one or more electronic devices over a packet switched network, such as a local area network or the Internet. The electronic devices may use chat-based application software to process and display the message, provide robust message handline functionality, and facilitate responses to the message.