This application discloses a convolutional neural network-based image processing method and image processing apparatus in the artificial intelligence field. The method may include: receiving an input image; preprocessing the input image to obtain preprocessed image information; and performing convolution on the image information using a convolutional neural network, and outputting a convolution result. In embodiments of this application, the image processing apparatus may store primary convolution kernels of convolution layers, and before performing convolution using the convolution layers, generate secondary convolution kernels using the primary convolution kernels of the convolution layers.