Infusion systems, infusion devices, and related operating methods are provided. An exemplary method of operating an infusion device to deliver fluid to a body of a user involves obtaining measurement values for a physiological condition influenced by the fluid, autonomously operating the infusion device to deliver the fluid based at least in part on the measurement values, and detecting a nonactionable condition based on the measurement values. In response to detecting the nonactionable condition, delivery of the fluid is limited while maintaining autonomous operation of the infusion device. In one exemplary embodiment, the nonactionable condition is a rescue condition indicative of the user having consumed fast-acting carbohydrates, and thus insulin delivery may be automatically limited in response to detecting the rescue carbohydrate consumption.