An electric machine comprising a rotor, a stator, a plurality of bare conductors forming a plurality of windings in at least one of the stator and the rotor, and a fluid in direct physical contact with a plurality of outer surfaces of the plurality of bare conductors, wherein the fluid is electrically insulating and provides direct fluid cooling, to provide cooling for the plurality of bare conductors and electrical insulation between consecutive bare conductors of the plurality of bare conductors.