A process for identifying one or more target analytes present in a sample includes contacting a microarray with the sample. The microarray has at least two microbead subpopulations with randomly distributed spatial positions, each of the subpopulations comprising microbeads having a known active agent capable of binding with a respective target analyte. After contacting the microarray with the sample, the spatial positions of the microbeads which have undergone a change that is indicative of a respective one of the active agents being bound to a corresponding one of the target analytes are determined. At least one of the microbead subpopulations which has undergone the change is identified by comparing the determined spatial positions to recorded spatial positions of the microbeads of the microbead subpopulations stored in an encoding/decoding data table. The target analytes are identified based on the known active agents belonging to the at least one identified microbead subpopulation.