An encoding method and system for a fingerprint of thing according to the present application is disclosed. Based on images of human fingerprints, at least one characteristic of fingerprint is provided on at least friction ridge lines so as to enable the encodement in the form of numbers and/or alphabets, and thereby a fingerprint image including the specific information are formed and can be used for labelling products with codes. The fingerprint image includes the specific information of a thing, and when attached onto said thing, is also unique similar to a fingerprint of an individual. Such fingerprint image for representing the specific identification information of a thing using minutia of finger can be referred to as fingerprint of thing (FOT). The fingerprint of thing, as a wholly new two-dimensional code which is generated based on images of human fingerprints, includes the more information than that of a one-dimensional barcode, and can be used for represent the information which cannot be represented by a one-dimensional barcode and will be too complicated for a two-dimensional barcode to represent. With an encoding method and system according to the present application, a fingerprint of thing including the unique identification information can be printed or carved onto every product, and can keep unchanged similar to a human fingerprint and can be readily used for query.